The RAD51 paralogue HvXRCC2 affects meiosis and recombination in barley.

Using a positional candidate-gene approach, we show that semi-sterile desynaptic8 mutants are associated with deleterious variants of the barley homolog of XRCC2 (X-Ray Repair Cross Complementing 2). In barley XRCC2 mutants, the initial meiotic progression is normal, albeit with a small delay in initiation, with completion of synapsis. However, the absence of HvXRCC2 subsequently leads to a dramatic reduction in the number of crossovers, chromosome mis-segregation, and infertility, suggesting that HvXRCC2 plays a major role in recombination. This mutant phenotype is congruent with that reported in mammalian studies but contrasts with the XRCC2 mutant in Arabidopsis which is fertile, exhibits normal chromosome pairing and correct chromosome segregation, and is associated with an increased rate of crossovers. This observation indicates that the XRCC2 mutant phenotype in Arabidopsis is not representative of all plants and that XRCC2 is not a good candidate for the modulation of recombination in barley.